Conflict Resolution is a general term for the processes and methodologies involved in finding a mutually agreeable end to a dispute. Conflict Resolution is also known as alternate dispute resolution (ADR).

The courts actively encourage attorneys and clients to seek ADR before moving to courtroom litigation. In North Carolina, it is mandatory to mediate many types of cases prior to litigation. This process is intended to save the parties both time and money. ADR includes such methods as mediation, binding arbitration, negotiation and conciliation.

Arbitration and conciliation are generally used when large groups of people, such as a workers’ unions, have a dispute with an entity or other group such as a corporation. The aim (to resolve a dispute) is the same; however, the processes differ from mediation.

During arbitration, the parties present their cases to either a single arbiter or panel of arbiters. While it is less expensive and formal than a trial, the outcome is binding, just the same as it would be in court. Arbiters are sometimes bound by rules that restrict them from employing creative solutions that other forms of ADR allow.

Conciliation, by contrast, aims to build positive relationships between both sides of a conflict. The conciliator actively works toward consensus. It is often used to deescalate volatile disagreements and prevent future conflict.

I have used ADR techniques in my work with community reconciliation, bringing representatives from the local police together with African American community leaders to build and strengthen relationships between the two groups.